In Southeast Asia, sandy shorelines such as those in Ilocos Norte (Philippines) and Koh Samet (Thailand) face growing risks from erosion, drought, and pollution. In contrast, mangrove and peatland coasts like those in the Mekong Delta and Central Kalimantan (Indonesia) serve as vital buffers against tides and storms but are threatened by land conversion and rising seas. Restoring mangroves and peatlands is key to strengthening climate resilience and protecting coastal communities.
Coastal Mangroves and Sandy Shorelines


